Women in Africa and the Middle East Essay - 1041 Words

Women In The Middle East And Africa Gender inequality has maintained the suppression of women worldwide and unfortunately has impacted third world countries with the greatest magnitude. Everyday in these countries there are countless occurrences of physical, emotional, and psychological abuse that must be acknowledged as a primary concern for the world to help overcome. It is however important to recognize specific cultural and religious practices of gender hierarchy that are accepted by women in these countries. While keeping this in mind it is of paramount importance to keep sight of the consequences of abusing these cultural practices at the expense of women’s liberation and development. Ever since the beginning of mankind, women†¦show more content†¦Accustomed to stereotypical depictions, Westerners are told that Middle Eastern women are passive, weak, and always veiled. It is often assumed that the severe conditions in Saudi Arabia—where women are not even allowed to drive cars—represent the norm for women throughout the Middle East and in the larger Muslim world. In reality, Saudi Arabia’s versions of both Islam and sexism are rather unique in their severities, although the rule of the Taliban in Afghanistan is now emulating the sexist Saudi model. Women enjoy political and social rights in many Muslim countries, and Egypt has recently granted women the right to divorce their husbands. In Tunisia, abortion is legal, and polygamy is prohibited. Women have served as ministers in the Syrian, Jordanian, Egyptian, Iraqi, and Tunisian governments, and as Vice President in Iran. Although African women continue to make solid progress in becoming part of the political scene, there are limitations associated with this progress. More African women are beginning to enter the political landscape and are making great strides in influencing policies that favors the advancement of women. Women, unfortunately, have been very discriminated against, even in this century. Women are so cruelly thought of that now, women see nothing wrong with mental and physical cruelty towards them. Since the status of women in Africa, is so low, it has caused many men to overpower women†¦physically. MoreShow MoreRelatedWomen And The Middle East And North Africa1148 Words   |  5 PagesThe diversities within North Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia (cultural, religious, political, etc.) play a crucial part in the status of women and the key features of gender roles in these particular geographic regions. The Middle East and North Africa share commonalities through Arabic and Islamic culture. Establishing equalities for women amongst the current social and political changes of Middle Eastern and North African societies stands as a difficult obstacle to overcome, but inRead MoreWomen and Devolpment in Northern Africa Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesWomen and Development in Northern Africa Gender inequality is a massive problem for women and girls and development has begun to take place to over come this injustice to the female population in North Africa and the Middle East. Gender inequality has become an important and visible issue for economies of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). I have researched on how women of North Africa are deprived from many opportunities as well as being under educated. The female population has sufferedRead MoreDoes Arab Feminism Exist? The New World?1585 Words   |  7 PagesArab feminism exist in the new world? For centuries women have been fighting the battle for equal rights and creating an identity for themselves. Feminism is a broad topic to discuss in just one paper considering the vast amount of information that can be spoken about the topic. The women in the new world for some countries have it better off than others, such as the United States. The U.S. was able to grant the equal rights amendment to women back in 1972. What shocks the minds of the 21st centuryRead MoreTaking a Look at the Unequal Treatment of Women in Developing Countries in the Middle East and in the North African Region1641 Words   |  7 Pagescultures around the world. While many first world countries have made great strides of improvement in the area, like America’s 19th amendment allowing women to vote in 1920, or England’s National Union of Women’s Suffrage Society formed in 1897, developing countries in the Middle East and North African region continue to struggle with the issue. Not o nly do women in MENA regions have to contend with extreme social prejudices and constant harassment, they also are treated as second class citizens in theRead MoreSchool Work And Marriage Essay1274 Words   |  6 PagesOn Friday, November 10th, 2017, I went to Centennial Hall of Nations to sit in and listen to a lecture titled School, Work, and Marriage: Economics and Inequalities in the Middle East and North Africa. The presentation went in depth into the problems in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), through schooling, the workforce, and marriage. The MENA region has seen many problems which are affected by these three topics, and the lecture went over all three of the topics with clear facts and statisticsRead MoreEssay about Indian Slavery and Islamic Slavery1504 Words   |  7 PagesThat notorious Islamic presence in the Indian Ocean, and specially in the East African coast had an obvious importance in the development of the slavery as institution. However, as Cooper has pointed out, it is important take in account that there is not such â€Å"Islamic societies† as an homogeneous group of communities ruled by the Sacred Law. Instead, on each different place, the â€Å"Islamic slavery† was shaped by the local conditions and reshaped by the economic and social changes.1 The Islam was oneRead Moreworld around 16001690 Words   |  7 Pagesin the Middle Ages was secular, dominated by the church and the land owning nobility, whereas Europe grew in strength once the merchant class became dominant and weakening the power of the church. The merchant driven quest for new markets eventually led the colonization of Africa, China and India. Ming China had a strong civil based government within an advanced society. Mandarins ruled for 300 years by decrees who were political, economic and culturally strong. The capital was Beijing .Women in MingRead MoreEast Africa and Long Distance Trade1688 Words   |  7 Pageshistory of our world was the East Africa long distance trade .In the middle of the seventeenth century, East Africa had a far more important place in the world than other African countries .So wrote Marsh, Z.A Kingsnorth G.W in their book ‘An introduction to the History of East Africa , published by Cambridge university press in 1965 .. They added that The riches of East Africa were incomparably greater than those of the other African states. According to (Walter, 1966) East African countries wereRead MoreMiddle Eastern And African Terrorist Movements1414 Words   |  6 Pages Middle-Eastern and African Terrorist Movements Michael Scheil Troy University  Abstract Over the course of this paper Middle-Eastern and African Terrorist Movements will be examined with different organizations and networks used as source material. How states sponsor terrorism in different parts of the world and trends that influence violence in these parts of the world.  When talking about terrorist goals and campaigns, many people group all of the countries in the Middle East and AfricaRead MoreWomen of the Middle East784 Words   |  4 PagesThe Women of the Middle East have played substantial roles for their corresponding countries since the advent of colonialism in the region. Middle Eastern women have worked in all types of fields including medicine, education, agriculture, government, private sector, and even defense. They have kept roofs over their family’s heads while their husbands were away in wars, or even in foreign countries to work in jobs that they could not find in their own countries. The roles of women in the countries

Life after Death, Reincarnation, Resurrection and...

Life after Death, Reincarnation, Resurrection and Immortality of the Soul Belief in life after death has taken many forms, some which are unique in particular religious belief systems, though; others can be found in more than one religion. For most religions, life after death is an article of faith. In Western religions, the belief is founded in scriptural evidence, but for all religions the belief in life after death is the same: life after death has been promised to humans by an all powerful[1] There are many views of life after death in particular which have been much adhered to and much discussed by philosophers. This essay will attempt to put forward some of the key ideas and arguments†¦show more content†¦And if human beings can exist without their bodies then the view that they can survive death seems a plausible one. We normally think of death as the end of a persons bodily life. But if people are distinct from their bodies, then the fact that their body dies does not entail that they die. This view that the body can survive as a disembodied state does not lack modern supporters. According to Richard Swimburne it is coherent to suppose that a person can exist without a body. Swimburne argues that if X can be without Y then X and Y are distinct. This view that a people are essentially other that their bodies is referred to dualism. There are a number of points, which seem to go in favour of this view on life after death. For one there is the fact that we often naturally talk as if our real selves were distinct from our bodies- as for instance, when we say we have bodies and as when we agree that we can be the same person over a number of years even though our bodily make- up has dramatically changed in the meantime. Other views for life after death, which fit into the motion of dualism, include the immortality of the soul and the reincarnation of a person. Firstly, reincarnation is a view of life after death in the Hindu and Buddhist traditions. The view is held that we have lived many lives before and that, on death, we will beShow MoreRelatedIs There A Life After Death?972 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Is there a life after death?† (Garder 13) This question made me think of all the possibilities of life after death. There are many different beliefs, and then there is my own. I will share the beliefs of Christians, Buddhists and myself. I will start off with the beliefs of Christians. Christians believe in a God, and they generally believe after you die, you get sent to Heaven or Hell. Some Christians believe that you go into a state of â€Å"soul sleep† which is the belief that you sleep unknowinglyRead MoreNotes On Socrates And Religious Beliefs Essay2134 Words   |  9 PagesPhaedo, Socrates makes a number of claims regarding the existence and nature of the afterlife, and the immortality and reincarnation of t he soul that can be compared and contrasted with other religious beliefs. I will be contrasting and comparing Socrates beliefs with those that practice Judaism. Phaedo – the existence and nature of the afterlife and the immortality and reincarnation of the soul The philosophy discussed in the Phaedo revolves around Socrates discussion of the existence and natureRead MoreThe Concepts Of Life And Death1835 Words   |  8 PagesThe concepts of life and death are codependent on each other, both biologically and through religion. From a religious standpoint, the actions in life are believed to be the primary contributors to what occurs both after death and within the afterlife. The afterlife is usually an incentive to live benevolently in order to achieve optimal placement or ideal circumstances. The most common afterlife beliefs incorporate either liner or cyclical lives, therefore actions decide to which locationRead MoreThe Theory Of A Soul Essay1408 Words   |  6 Pageswe as humans have a soul. If so, is it something different from the brain and does this â€Å"force† survive after our physical death? The concept of a soul has long been rooted in religion and we still debate its existence to this day. As humans, we fear the unknown that follows this existence; after this physical life. Due to this fear we have created this idea of a force larger than ourselves. Many scientists and philosophers have contradicting viewpoints on the existence of a soul. However researchRead MoreDeath, Mortality, And The Afterlife938 Words   |  4 PagesFreud once said that death is inevitable and yet inconceivable. The idea of death, mortality, and afterlife has been a question for the human race since the beginning of time. Throughout time and space these ideas have changed and have been modified according to their own views depending in wh at region they were born in and the time period. To look at what has changed over the periods we have to look at our history starting with writings like the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Hebrew texture, the Bible andRead MoreVictory over Death in Wordsworth ¡Ã‚ ¯S  ¡Ã‚ °Intimations of Immortality Ode ¡Ã‚ ±1670 Words   |  7 PagesThe concept of death most frequently conveys the dark and mysterious affect. Pondering over death can be similar to stumbling down a dark passage with unstable guesses as the only guide; not only do we not know when we will die, but also what comes after death. William Wordsworth, a nineteenth-century author, was no exception to this universal dilemma of considering death as the absolute end of one ¡Ã‚ ¯s existence or the beginning of one ¡Ã‚ ¯s existence in a new setting.  ¡Ã‚ °Nothing was more difficultRead MoreIn This 21St Century People Continue To Wonder What Their1965 Words   |  8 Pagesto wonder what their destiny will be after death; pe rhaps people have many definitions and explanation about it. Hence, people are struggling to reconcile to one common understanding. These questions I believe remain our questions today. Now, having this understanding in mind I believe there is a great need for a clear and coherent explanation of Eschatology. Every human being long for some consolation in the face of death. The most destressing aspects of death is that is separates. It seems thisRead MoreCompare and contrast two beliefs about life after death. Assess which of these two views may provide a stronger philosophical basis for belief in life after death?1418 Words   |  6 PagesOne definition of death is the the complete and permanent cessation of all vital functions in a living creature, the end if life. All philosophers agree that our earthly life in our physical form will end; however philosophers disagree on the meaning of end of life as many people agree on death as the end of our existence however while others arg ue that we continue in some form after death. Many ideas relating to our existence after death include; the continuation of our genes thought our descendantsRead MoreThe Great Ambiguity of the Afterlife Essay example1873 Words   |  8 PagesOne of the greatest and oldest human mysteries on Earth is death, and the fate that lies beyond it. The curious minds of human beings constantly wonder about the events that occur after death. No person truly knows what happens after a person ceases to live in the world, except for the people themselves who have passed away. As a result, over the course of history, people of various backgrounds, ethnicities, and religions have speculated and believed in numerous different possibilities for the destinyRead MoreThe Is The Unlimited Extension Of A Person s Existence2878 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction and thesis Immortality is the unlimited extension of a person’s existence, even after the event of death.(3) The afterlife is the extension of one’s life in another realm, but not specifically eternally. Immortality on the other hand suggests everlasting existence, even if the body isn t still alive. Immortality is an unrestricted characteristic of spirituality. Human beings have been referred to as mortals, where immortals have been classified as gods. The notion that life can exist forever

Gender Equality - 1474 Words

Gender Equality Women have faced major discrimination when it comes to work and sometimes in education. Women decades ago had a wide range of opportunities denied to them due to their sex. Women have always been looked upon as the weaker sex and men as stronger and as the rulers. Women years ago were not seen as individuals, they were basically their husband’s slaves. Women were the ones to stay home, make dinner for their cranky and tired husband, look after their children, clean the house and answer to their husband. It was pretty safe to say that women were never the ones that over ruled this society, but â€Å"there have been huge changes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (182) in gender equality. Gender equality has changed dramatically over the years and the shift†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"A woman in a position of power such as manager of a large firm was totally unheard of† (Female Power). Men have always been the ones to succeed in life since they were the ones that have always worked and women stayed home. A few decades ago in Saudi Arabia â€Å"women weren’t even allowed to drive† (Global Women’s Progress). There has been a huge impact on gender equality from previous years. â€Å"A generation ago working women performed menial jobs and were routinely subjected to casual sexism† (Female Power). According to some statistics from Female Power today about 51 percent of women make up the majority of professional workers in the United States alone. Gender equality is growing all over the world as every day passes, for example â€Å"in Spain the proportion of young women in the labor force has now reached American levels† (Female Power). Women have succeeded over the years and they are taking over as years pass. Women were not even allowed to go to school or to get education before. â€Å"Women today have equal rights with men to education† (Female Power). According to Female Power it is now illegal to discri minate against either sex by denying them access to certain subjects and courses at school and in higher education because of their sex. â€Å"Women today are attending college in record numbers† (American Women). According to some statistics from American Women in 2010 fifty seven percent of college students were females. Women work soShow MoreRelatedRole Of The National Government And Gender Equality Essay2014 Words   |  9 PagesRole of the National Government †¢ Gender equality should be the prime agenda------ governments do not consider gender equality as a priority, gender equality issues are missing from the budgeting process, and women are not present in the financial, peace, and international negotiations, structures and obligations. Government need to mobilize around gender equality agendas in order to create sufficient political will to support the equal inclusion of women in political decision-making. †¢ Fix someRead MoreEqual Rights and Gender Equality1631 Words   |  6 PagesBetween 1923 and 1972, when the Equal Rights passed you would believe that Gender Equality would end. It was passed in 35 states. General Equality has been going on for years. Everything would make everything so much easier if it was Equal for both a men and a women. Where it’s at home, at work, or even at school. Why does one gender have to be better than another? ‘’Achieving Gender equality in education means that boys and girls will have equal opportunities to realize their full human rights andRead MoreGender Equality And Gender Inequality979 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout the past few decades, the gender inequality discourse have became a dominant feature of international, national and local policy debate on the subject of economic development. This policy concern has emerged as an area of scholarly research which seeks to show that improving gender equity leads to economic growth. Gender Inequality in Australia: According to the data published by Australian Bureau of Statistics in May 2015, the full time average earnings of women is $284.20 or 17.9%Read MoreEgalitarianism Is The Belief Of Equality For All, Irrespective Of Class, Gender Or Race?1010 Words   |  5 PagesEgalitarianism is the belief in equality for all, irrespective of class, gender or race. Hunter- gatherer societies are often described by anthropologists as egalitarian; however perhaps some, more so than others. The social organizations of peoples like the Pygmies of the Central African forests and the San (Bushmen) for example, are labelled â€Å"strikingly egalitarian† in contrast to Northwest Coast Indians who display â€Å"social stratification†. There is also evidence suggesting that descent groupsRead MoreGender Equality in Malaysia1513 Words   |  7 Pagesable to contribute to national development and prosperity. In the earlier years, the issue of gender inequality is one which has been publicly reverberating through society for decades. The different religions and cultures of Malaysia have many positive aspects in womens lives. However, it is also the case that women are discriminated against by their religions and cultures, which perpetuate stereotyped gender roles and protectionist and patriarchal attitudes towards women. First at all, the â€Å"family†Read MoreGender Equality : A Critical Appraisal2124 Words   |  9 PagesGender Equality in Secondary Physical Education: A Critical Appraisal Introduction This essay will critically analyse gender equality in physical education teaching. There is evidence to support that many girls and some boys are subject to gender inequalities in physical education (Dowling, 2004). Most studies confirm girls are less involved and motivated to participate in sporting and physical education activities (Gutierrez Lopez, 2012). There is also international research that shows how physicalRead MorePromoting Gender Equality1965 Words   |  8 PagesGender equality is the removal of deep-seated barriers to equality of opportunity and outcome, such as discriminatory laws, customs, practices and institutional processes. It also entails concern with the development of the freedoms of all individuals, irrespective of gender; to choose outcomes they have reason to value. It is integral to ideas of educational quality, as an education system would lack key dimensions of quality if it was discriminatory or did not develop capabilities in children toRead MoreGend er, Gender And Gender Equality1391 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will look at Gender discrimination in an Australian prospective with some overseas perspectives overlapping this essay will look at gender deference’s in pay in Australia and discuss the ideas and arguments surrounding gender equality in the work place. Gender equity in work place is still a heavily understudied in Australia and as is more or less worldwide. In Australia a country of so called â€Å"equality† which is still, even in the 21st century is an ambiguous and questionable ideal asRead MoreThe, Gender, And Gender Equality974 Words   |  4 Pagesperson that believes that their gender identity doesn’t correspond with his or her biological sex. Doctors diagnosis this uneasy feeling about one’s gender as Gender Dysphoria. Often time’s he or she might undergo sex reassignment surgery to physically become his or her desired gender. Like every other citizen in the United States , transgenders are entitled to a series of rights. However, a transgender’s inconsistency in the presentation between biological sex and gender expression is usually not toleratedRead MoreGender Equality And Equality In Gender Men And Women728 Words   |  3 PagesGender Men and women can definitely work together and support each other to make the society better.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the days when a woman’s entire obligation was to be a good daughter,a good wife and a good mother,men and women were far from equal.Women suffered sexual discrimination until the so-called feminism came into being.Nowadays,feminism has been running for over a century.Result?It ran into the extreme of equality from my perspective. Most of us agree that men and women should enjoy equality

Americ The Land Of The Free - 928 Words

America: The Land of the Free America, â€Å"The Land of the Free,† or so I thought. As an American, I have always believed that everyone has a right to free speech, free thinking, and a life without racism. I thought that I was lucky to be growing up in this century, where slavery had been abolished almost completely and racism on a steady decline. I was beyond proud of all of the accomplishments that our country had made in the past thousands of years; that was until I read â€Å"Whither Now and Why,† by W.E.B DuBois. DuBois was a Negro man, who in this passage described that although Negroes would soon be lawfully equal, they would never be socially or independently equal and forced to assimilate to White American culture (DuBois, W.E.B., 135). DuBois predicted that black identity would be lost if his kind were forced to assimilate to White culture, and compared this assimilation to â€Å"racial suicide† (DuBois, W.E.B., 135) Through this passage, DuBois was n ot only able to describe â€Å"racial suicide† of his culture but helped to open my eyes and see that assimilation is still a huge problem in America today. Throughout his passage, DuBois made a very clear warning toward African Americans that if they were not careful, their race would soon be no more. In assimilating to the white culture, Du Bois believed they would â€Å"cease to be Negroes as such and become white in action if not completely in color† (DuBois, W.E.B., 135) He knew that while his fellow NegroesShow MoreRelatedAmeric The Land Of The Free1637 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States of America is known as the â€Å"land of the free†. But as most know â€Å"free† always comes with a price. Luckily, the price is worth a lifetime of opportunities and freedoms that other countries will never get to experience. America has immigrants naturalized every year. People from these countries come to America to pursue the â€Å"land of the free† . In fact, in 2014, â€Å"654,949 people were naturalized.†1 America is also known around the world as the country that practices democracy. TheRead MoreAmeric The Land Of The Free1707 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica is often referred as the â€Å"the land of the free.† It’s a nation of diversity because of the open-door policy that has been implanted. The open-door policy accepts any foreigner that is pursuing the American Dream. Every year, thousands of immigrants, illegal and legal, come to the United States. Many immigrants have different reasons why they feel the need to leave their country behind and start a new life elsewhere. Those reasons may be: fleeing from a war, bettering their perspectives, livingRead MoreAmeric The Land Of The Free1879 Words   |  8 Pages They call America â€Å"The land of the Free,† yet its own people experience obstructions to their freedom. Politicians receive the people’s votes and the people’s money, and then they rob these people of their rights. This election is the American citizen’s opportunity to fight. It is his opportunity to fight for himself and his fellow citizens, to fight for justice, to fight for equality, to fight for deliverance from poverty. Now is the time for the American to demand protection from gunsRead MoreAmeric Land Of The Free, And Home1411 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica: land of the free, and home of the brave. People have often traveled long and far to live in a safe, and esteemed environment, when in reality the core values of America change as time goes by. Even though Americans often value individualism, patriotism, nationalism, and individual liberty, history has proven otherwise. Wars, social norms, rights restrictions, expectations and peer pressure have gotten in the way of the values that many believed highlighted America. The saying, ‘history repeatsRead MoreThe Immigration Of Americ The Land Of The Free1611 Words   |  7 Pagesocean in hope of a new life and future in what is known as â₠¬Å"The Land of the Free.† Just like much of the eastern side of the country, the immigration of Europeans to America played a very important role in the history of Michigan as well. It is through these immigrants that the religion, culture, and economics was changed entirely throughout the state of Michigan. Before Europeans came to present day America, Natives populated the land, and had for at least 14,000 years before the Europeans arrivedRead MoreAmeric Land Of The Free And Home1076 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica: Land of the Free and Home of the Dumb ? Michael Moore, author of the essay Idiot Nation, is as anti-Republican as they come and not at all afraid to express his beliefs with overflowing passion. Over the past 20 years, both Moore’s popularity and notoriety have boomed to new heights as a film maker, writer, and social critic. From winning Oscars and Academy Awards for his films and documentaries to co-writing 8 renowned books, Moore has not stopped producing ways of expressing his thoughtsRead MoreAmeric The Free, Land Of The Brave936 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica; home of the free, land of the brave. The only, true, free country in the world. We have fought, died, bled, and sacrificed for the greatness of this country. From the first pilgrim to step on this land to the modern American we strive for the freedoms, liberties, and wealth we have. Foreigners from every part of the world come to this country for a fresh start, a new life, a better life. They fulfill their dreams, gain wealth, and have a better life. ther e is always that one question, howRead MoreAmeric The Land Of The Free, And Full Of Opportunity1277 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica is generally a country of immigrants. America is the land of the free, and full of opportunity for every American and others who came from different countries. In Florida, the first arrivals were European, beginning with Spanish explorer ponce de Leon who explored the land in 1513, following French and Spanish settlement during the 16th century. Many Asian Indians struggle as Indian immigrant in America. India is an area with second largest population in the world with 1.2 billion peopleRead MoreThe Issue Of A White Lie1186 Words   |  5 Pagesmanufacture, or sale of military decorations and medals that were not earned. The purpose of the site is to criminalize profiting by falsely claiming to have received a military medal. If anyone falsely claimed to have received a military medal, it could land them in jail. While the act was not upheld in United St ates v. Alvarez, a website was created that publicly provides records of medal recipients. The Stolen Valor Act of 2014 was signed by Barack Obama in 2013 and considers fraudulently claiming toRead MoreHistorical Anyalysis Essay2125 Words   |  9 Pagesparty. These laws angered the colonists and advocated revolution. The Civil war also had multiple causalities starting with the recently acquired territory from the war with Mexico. The issue of slavery arose and the concern for an unequal amount of free and slave states led to the Kansas Nebraska act, fugitive slave act and Bleeding Kansas. Ellis points out that the improbable nature of the American Revolution has become perceived as inevitable today. The revolution could not have occurred if

The presentation of individuals and society in the novel, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Free Essays

Choose two extracts from the novel and use them as a basis for your discussion of one of the following topics: 1. The ways in which places and settings are used in the novel; 2. The presentation of individuals and society in the novel; 3. We will write a custom essay sample on The presentation of individuals and society in the novel, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde or any similar topic only for you Order Now Stevenson’s methods of developing tension and a sense of horror in the novel. For the purposes of my analysis, I have chosen option two: The presentation of individuals and society in the novel. The two extracts that I have chosen for the analysis are: Utterson’s first meeting with Mr. Hyde and his subsequent description of him (in the chapter The Search for Mr. Hyde) and an excerpt from the last chapter Henry Jekyll’s full statement of the case. In this essay, I am going to discuss how Stevenson presents the individuals and the society in the novel. In order to make a clear interpretation, I am going to be using the novel as well as my background knowledge of the time and context in which the novel was set. I will also review Stevenson’s experiences, which might have led to the creation of the story. Firstly, I will examine the society presented by Stevenson in this novel. The entire story revolves around the upper/middle class. There are only hints of other social classes in the form of workers and servants, employed by the rich people. The four main characters of the play have much in common; they are all rich, well-educated and professional men: Utterson is a lawyer; Enfield is a well known man around the town, showing his popularity. Lanyon and Jekyll are both doctors, which shows their high professional status. Another trait that all these men have in common is, they are all cold and distant yet likable. Also, they are all un-married. Below is an extract from the book, outlining Mr. Utterson’s personality: Mr. Utterson the lawyer was a man of rugged countenance, that was never lighted by a smile; cold†¦backward in sentiment†¦ and yet somehow lovable. Another interesting fact regarding the novel is, not one of the main characters is a woman, this shows the nature of the society. The society at the time was a male-dominated one. Some have argued that this gives the novel an empty feel. Readers agree that, the severe lack of women from the settings creates unease in the novel, which can be felt slightly. This particular writing trait that Stevenson employs can be linked back to his own childhood, Stevenson had a strong father figure and thus, the imbalance in sexes is noticeable in the writing. In the novel itself, each of the characters face a varying dilemma. Utterson seems at peace with the world and doesn’t want a wife whereas, Jekyll seems to change into Hyde because he is sexually frustrated. Jekyll is one character who would be content with a wife. Here, another flaw in the society seems visible; Stevenson’s subtle language sets up the male-only society in order to push Jekyll into becoming Hyde. Stevenson exasperates Jekyll and through his tactical writing, he also thoroughly entertains the readers. The main character of the novel seems to be Mr. Utterson. Stevenson writes the novel from Utterson’s perspective, events of the novel and the story-line itself is viewed through Utterson’s eyes. For example, when the reader first learns about Hyde, it is from Utterson’s detailed description. Automatically, the reader then perceives Hyde as Utterson does. The readers are also inclined to feel the same emotions Utterson feels regarding Hyde: †¦the hitherto unknown disgust, loathing and fear in which Mr. Utterson regarded him (Hyde). The interesting factor is that Utterson is never the narrator of the proceedings in the novel. However, he is always involved in some way, even in the scenes where he has no direct role. Another interesting factor is that even though Stevenson doesn’t employ Utterson as the narrator, he tailors him with narrator like features: he is calm, considerate and usually emotionless. Stevenson uses him to great effect towards the end, he surprises the readers by turning the passive character of Utterson, suddenly into an active member of the novel. The author reveals the other side of Utterson’s character as being decisive and strong, and this allows the reader to be further interested in the novel: I must and shall see you†¦ if not by fair means than by foul – if not of your consent, then by brute force! Another key character in the novel is Dr. Lanyon. He is only thrust into action when Hyde goes to visit him. Stevenson heightens the drama of the story by not allowing Lanyon to confide his experiences to Utterson and the readers. The reader is made desperate to know what Lanyon refers to as: it could kill a man by its mere presence. The reader later gathers that he is referring to Hyde. After Lanyon watches Hyde transform to Jekyll, Lanyon’s whole demeanour changes to a dying man, but he never reveals the cause for his sudden ill-health: I have had a shock and I shall never recover. It is a question of weeks†¦ There could be two possible reasons why Lanyon doesn’t reveal the truth; he may believe that by divulging the details he may tarnish the old friendship between himself and Dr. Jekyll. However, this reason doesn’t seem very likely because the friendship between the two was long lost. Below is a perfect example, showing that the friendship is long gone (Jekyll’s thoughts about Lanyon): †¦that hide-bound pedant, Lanyon, at what he called my scientific heresies. The second simpler reason could be that, Lanyon believes even if he did divulge any details, people would not believe his claims. He is worried that he may be labelled a lunatic, and obviously wants to avoid that predicament. Stevenson has used masterly language in order to construct the characters of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. His language clearly conveys them as two separate people yet it also outlines the gigantic difference between them. Early on in the story, Jekyll informs the readers about his theory regarding Hyde: Man is not truly one but truly two. Throughout the novel, Stevenson conveys Hyde as the lower instinct and id form of Jekyll. The author wants the readers to believe that Hyde is a selfish, animal side of Jekyll. This strange phenomenon could be linked back to Stevenson’s childhood. In that circumstance Stevenson being the mischievous child representing Hyde and Stevenson’s father being upstanding and respected, representing Jekyll. Hyde also seems to rebel with Jekyll like Stevenson did with his father. Stevenson wanted to be an author, but his father was against such a career but Stevenson became one anyway: Jekyll had more than a father’s interest; Hyde had more than a son’s indifference. To make the novel a success, the foundations must be strong; this relies on the fact that the reader perceives Jekyll and Hyde, as Stevenson wants him to. The author wants the characters to be completely different, yet be the same person, and to convey this Stevenson uses descriptive language: (Jekyll) Every mark of capacity and kindness†¦ AND A large, well-made, smooth-faced man of fifty†¦ On the other hand, there is a stark appearance between Jekyll’s description and Hyde’s: (Hyde) He had borne himself with a murderous mixture of timidity and boldness AND There was something wrong with his appearance; something displeasing, something downright detestable. Now as we can understand from the above quotations, Stevenson uses alliteration to convey the descriptions of both the characters. Some examples are- downright detestable; murderous mixture. This vivid language leads the reader to believe in Jekyll and Hyde. The author conveys Hyde as being completely opposite of Jekyll, even through the name. Hyde is a monster hidden within Jekyll. The more dramatic interpretation would be conveyed as a struggle between good and evil. It seems clear that Hyde is always present in Jekyll: at the start of the novel he just hasn’t been released and thus, Jekyll had complete control of the situation. The problem arises when Jekyll starts taking the metamorphic potion; at this point Hyde emerges and begins to take control. It’s clear that Hyde gains strength from the actions of Jekyll; this point is further enhanced if the reader concentrates on Hyde’s appearance. Hyde doesn’t seem to be a tall person, and thus his character is not strong enough to challenge Jekyll. However, Hyde’s continued nourishment through Jekyll’s weaknesses means that eventually Hyde becomes increasingly potent: The balance of my nature might be permanently overthrown†¦ and the character of Edward Hyde become irrevocably mine. This revelation proves that, the metamorphic potion is truly a changing potion, it reverts Jekyll to a weaker character of Hyde. Once Jekyll starts taking the potion, the characters of Jekyll and Hyde become vague and unclear: it even seems that both the characters want to be separate. An example of that is when Jekyll refers to Hyde as him not I. From Jekyll’s language it seems that Hyde is no longer a part of Jekyll but someone else. Finally, Jekyll explains that the character of Hyde is completely different; in a sense Jekyll lets Hyde do whatever he pleases, without the fear of consequences or society: †¦ the liberty, the comparative youth, the light step, leaping pulses and secret pleasures that I had enjoyed in the disguises of Edward Hyde. Thus, the position of Hyde in the novel is grotesque and mysterious. He stands apart from the rest of the society; he is ugly, disturbing and unlovable. So, Jekyll is able to enjoy two positions in the society, one being in the centre and the other being on the extreme edge. In conclusion, Stevenson conveys both his own rebelling and then escaping aspects in the novel. Stevenson rebelled by roaming the streets of Edinburgh at night and then escaped to Samoa. Stevenson also constructs the society to an odd proportion, by placing no women in it; this seems to reflect a classical hypocritical Victorian society. However, throughout the novel the atmosphere seems to be perfect for the Jekyll/Hyde situation and thus, makes the novel a fantastic read. How to cite The presentation of individuals and society in the novel, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Papers

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Scope It would be desirable to limit the scope of the research to industry sector and geographies for the industry sector relevant to the authors business. However, this ould severely limit and distort the information gleaned (if any). Customer satisfaction is or should be one of the primary goals for and business regardless of its size or geography. In this respect an exhaustive search (Cooper, 1988) would be appropriate. The constraints of mainly time, and also of funding determine that a purposive sample should be taken, examining the key articles, pertaining to the key elements of the topic. The chosen article does not necessarily have to have relevance to the topic, but the application or theories presented must be relevant. The literature chosen should also be recent in issue. Identified Keywords Definition As defined by the Oxford English Dictionary defines satisfaction as fulfilment of ones wishes, expectations, or needs, or the pleasure derived from this:, Equally a customer is defined as a person who buys goods or services from a shop or business. We will write a custom essay sample on No table of contents entries or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Bloomsbury Business Library Business Management Dictionary presents a definition of the term customer satisfaction It refers to the degree to which customer expectations of a product or service are met or exceeded. It is stated that corporate and individual customers may have widely differing reasons for urchasing a product or service and therefore any measurement of satisfaction will need to be able to take into account such differences. Oliver (1997) defines Satisfaction is the consumers fulfillment response. It is a (or is providing) a pleasurable level of consumption-related fulfillment, including levels of under- or over-fulfillment Customer satisfaction is defined as the degree of overall pleasure or contentment felt by the customer, resulting from the ability of the service to fulfill the customers desires, expectations and needs in relation to the service. (Hellier et al, 2003). It is obvious that customer or consumers expectations of a product or service will vary considerably depending on the type and nature, and positioning of the product and also the industry that product is in. There also be many levels of expectation or judgement, some more important than others in the end users mind. Satisfaction is a relatively short term emotion which can change or alter, due to a variety of circumstances Models of Customer Satisfaction GAP Model Disconfirmation Model ACS The American Customer Satisfaction Index claims to be the only national cross- industry benchmark of customer satisfaction in the United States (www. heacsi. org) . It conducts surveys with consumers over a range of industries and sectors. The ACSI model assumes three drivers of satisfaction, Perceived Quality, Customers Expectations, and Perceived Value, and it involves collecting data at the individual customer level, using primarily survey rating scales from 1 to 10 to rate their perception of each of the drivers. It also questions the customer about customer complaints that they may have made and about customer loyalty. The inputs are indexed an weighted and put through the model to give an indication of consumer satisfaction on a O to 100 basis. The strength of the ACSI model is in its consistency, and generality. Figures are available from 1994, and the large sample of surveyed customers each year ensures very standardised results. It also provides a mechanism for companies to benchmark within their sector or industry, whlist directing them to possible areas of improvement. It is also a model that can be applied to any industry or company. However, its limitation is that it is only a benchmarking tool, it does analyse how the various drivers interrelate, or it does not provide any answers as to motivates the customers.